This paper describes the measured performance of pneumatic controls used for heating and air conditioning. The advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic, electronic, and digital electronic control are also discussed. Results from the simulation of the effect on annual energy consumption of various control strategies are presented. The report recommends the use of high quality electronic controller coupled through transducers to pneumatic valve and damper actuators. A standard retrofit control panel for variable air volume systems is described, which is recommended as part of a simple control system. The panel design incorporates features that. emphasize reliability, accuracy where required, and diagnostics for maintainability.

Units: Dual