This paper describes part of a continuing study of inserts to enhance turbulent convective heat transfer in tubes, with particular application to fire-tube boilers. The convective heat transfer enhancement mechanism of bent-strip inserts is modeled using basic surface renewal/penetration theory. The model compares well with the form of correlations obtained by Nirmalan et al. (1986a, 1986b) and with the experimental results of that study.

Units: Dual