Traces heating techniques from primitive man and Roman hypocaust, from the Norman hearth to the elaborate fireplaces and chimneys of the Royal Tudor palaces, and from Elizabethan times through the Industrial Revolution to the end of the Victorian era. Also covers fires, hearths, chimneys, masonry and iron stoves, steam and hot water systems, early boilers and radiators and heat loss calculations.

KEYWORDS: year 1995, Heating, space heating, Europe, domestic, hot water supply, history