Preface

This is the fourth edition of the CSA B137 Series of Standards, Thermoplastic pressure piping compendium.

It supersedes the previous editions published in 2005, 2002, and 1999. It consists of the following Standards:
(a) the eighth edition of CSA B137.0, Definitions, general requirements, and methods of testing for thermoplastic pressure piping, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1993, 1986, 1981, and 1973;
(b) the eighth edition of CSA B137.1, Polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold-water pressure services, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1995, 1989, 1983, and 1970;
(c) the sixth edition of CSA B137.2, Polyvinylchloride (PVC) injection-moulded gasketed fittings for pressure applications, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1993, and 1989;
(d) the tenth edition of CSA B137.3, Rigid polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipe and fittings for pressure applications, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1993, 1990, 1986, 1981, 1972, and 1970;
(e) the first edition of CSA B137.3.1, Molecularly oriented polyvinylchloride (PVCO) pipe for pressure applications;
(f) the eighth edition of CSA B137.4, Polyethylene (PE) piping systems for gas services, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1992, 1986, 1977, and 1971;
(g) the fifth edition of CSA B137.4.1, Electrofusion-type polyethylene (PE) fittings for gas services, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, and 1989;
(h) the seventh edition of CSA B137.5, Crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing systems for pressure applications, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1997, 1996, and 1989;
(i) the seventh edition of CSA B137.6, Chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) pipe, tubing, and fittings for hot- and cold-water distribution systems, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1996, 1983, and 1971;
(j) the seventh edition of CSA B137.8, Polybutylene (PB) piping systems for pressure applications, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1992, 1986, and 1977;
(k) the sixth edition of CSA B137.9, Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) composite pressure-pipe systems, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1997, and 1991;
(l) the sixth edition of CSA B137.10, Crosslinked polyethylene/aluminum/crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) composite pressure-pipe systems, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, 1997, and 1991;
(m) the fifth edition of CSA B137.11, Polypropylene (PP-R) pipe and fittings for pressure applications, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, and 1993; and
(n) the fifth edition of CSA B137.12, Polyamide-11 (PA-11) piping systems for gas services, which supersedes editions published in 2005, 2002, 1999, and 1996 under the title Polyamide (PA) piping systems for gas services.

CSA B137.0 provides requirements and test methods that are common to some or all of the Standards of the CSA B137 Series. Wherever possible, individual Standards make reference to the relevant clauses in CSA B137.0.

B137.0-09 Definitions, general requirements, and methods of testing for thermoplastic pressure piping

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard specifies requirements for thermoplastic pressure piping. It includes reference publications, definitions, abbreviations, general requirements for materials and manufactured pipe and fittings, relevant test methods, and marking requirements.

Note: The terms "pipe" and "piping", as well as "tube" and "tubing", are used interchangeably in the CSA B137 Series.

1.2
This Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with one of the other Standards in the CSA B137 Series to form a complete Standard for a particular product.

1.3
In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

B137.1-09 Polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold-water pressure services

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in potable cold-water supply services or other applications such as water-based ground source geothermal systems. 1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions, sustained pressure, environmental stress cracking, and markings.

B137.2-09 Polyvinylchloride (PVC) injection-moulded gasketed fittings for pressure applications

1 Scope
1.1
This Standard covers rigid polyvinylchloride (PVC) injection-moulded fittings that have gasketed joints and are intended for use in pressure applications such as water mains, water service piping, process piping, and fire lines. Fittings covered by this Standard are suitable for use with PVC pipes having outside diameter dimensions of cast iron pipe. Only one pressure rating, 1620 kPa (Class 150), covered in this Standard is suitable for use with compatible outside diameter PVC pipes having a dimension ratio (DR) of 18 or more. Note: Where PVC fittings are to be used in applications other than those involving water, the manufacturer should be consulted.

1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, long-term performance under sustained hydrostatic pressure, dimensions, markings, and injection-moulding quality.

B137.3-09 Rigid polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipe and fittings for pressure applications

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers rigid polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipe and fittings intended for use in pressure applications such as water mains, water service piping, and process piping. The fittings covered by this Standard include moulded, solvent-cemented, gasketed, or threaded fittings, and fittings that have been fabricated for use with any joining method. Note: Where PVC pipe and fittings are to be used in non-water applications, the manufacturer should be consulted.

1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions, solvent cement, and markings for pipe and fittings. Requirements for hydrostatic sustained pressure, extrusion, impact resistance, and quality are also specified for pipe.

B137.3.1-09 Molecularly oriented polyvinylchloride (PVCO) pipe for pressure applications

Scope

1.1
This Standard covers molecularly oriented polyvinylchloride (PVCO) pipe intended for use in pressure applications such as water mains, sewer force mains, and process piping. Note: This Standard does not address chemical compatibility between PVCO pipe and process fluids. Where PVCO pipe is to be used in non-water applications, the manufacturer should be consulted.

1.2
PVCO complying with this Standard is not suitable for solvent cementing and is intended to be joined by gasketed joints. 1.3 This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions, markings, hydrostatic sustained pressure, extrusion, impact resistance, and quality for PVCO pipe.

B137.4-09 Polyethylene (PE) piping systems for gas services

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in gas mains and services, including gathering, transmission, and distribution of fuel gases containing not more than 1% aromatic hydrocarbons.

1.2
This Standard covers all types of fittings and connections used in plastic gas pipe systems, including
(a) plastic-to-metal transition fittings;
(b) plastic component fittings (e.g., elbows, tees, end caps, and valves); and
(c) clamps and couplings.
Notes:
(1) In this Standard, "pipe" refers to pipe having IPS outside diameters and "tubing" refers to pipe having copper tube size outside diameters.
(2) In this Standard, test requirements for pipe apply to both pipe and tubing.

1.3
This Standard specifies the manufacturing and testing requirements necessary to ensure that the PE compound, pipe, and fittings are of a quality acceptable for use in gas distribution systems. This Standard specifies requirements for
(a) primary properties of the compound;
(b) physical properties of the finished product;
(c) on-line monitoring during production;
(d) shipping and storage; and
(e) markings.
Note: The user of the pipe, tubing, or fittings should refer to CSA Z662 for design and installation limitations of products covered by this Standard.

B137.4.1-09 Electrofusion-type polyethylene (PE) fittings for gas services

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers socket- and saddle-type polyethylene (PE) electrofusion fittings that are used to join PE pipe where the heat source is an integral part of the fitting. Note: Fittings covered by this Standard are connected to an electrical power source during the fusion process. Power sources, cables, and electrical connections are covered by the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I and Part II, as appropriate.

1.2
PE electrofusion fittings covered by this Standard are intended for use with PE pipe that complies with CSA B137.4.

1.3
This Standard specifies general requirements for materials, performance, manufactured fittings, specimen preparation, test methods, markings, and quality of work. Notes:
(1) In this Standard, "pipe" refers to pipe having IPS outside diameters and "tubing" refers to pipe having copper tube outside diameters.
(2) In this Standard, test requirements for pipe apply to both pipe and tubing.

B137.5-09 Crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing systems for pressure applications

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard specifies requirements for crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing systems, comprised of tubing and fittings. Tubing covered by this Standard is made in Standard Dimensional Ratio 9 (SDR 9). Systems are pressure rated at three temperatures: 1105 kPa at 23 °C, 690 kPa at 82 °C, and 550 kPa at 93 °C, with a maximum working pressure of 690 kPa at 82 °C. Systems are intended for use in potable water distribution systems or other applications, including municipal water service lines, reclaimed water distribution, radiant panel heating systems, hydronic baseboard heating systems, snow and ice melting heating systems, building services piping, compressed air distribution, and ground source geothermal systems, provided that the PEX tubing systems covered herein comply with the applicable code requirements. Residential and commercial systems are included.
Note: The requirements and test methods specified in this Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. Users of this Standard are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before using this Standard.

1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for
(a) materials;
(b) quality of work;
(c) tubing;
(d) metal components of mechanical fittings;
(e) fittings;
(f) interior liners;
(g) dimensions;
(h) hydrostatic capability;
(i) marking for tubing and fittings; and
(j) marking for flexible pre-insulated tubing.

B137.6-09 Chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) pipe, tubing, and fittings for hot- and cold-water distribution systems

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) pipe, tubing, and fittings having standard dimension ratio 11 (SDR 11), and Schedules 40 and 80 pipe in pipe sizes whose dimension ratio does not exceed 11, for use in hot- and cold-water distribution systems at a maximum working pressure of 690 kPa and a maximum working temperature of 82 °C.

1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions and tolerances, hydrostatic sustained pressure strength, thermocycling resistance, solvent cement, joint strength, and markings.

B137.8-09 Polybutylene (PB) piping systems for pressure applications

1 Scope

This Standard covers polybutylene (PB) pipe, tubing, and fittings. Nominal pipe sizes (NPS) covered are NPS-1/4 to NPS-2. Fittings covered include insert-type fittings, socket fusion fittings, plastic-to-metal transition fittings, and compression-type fittings. Pipes, tubing, and fittings covered by this Standard are intended for use in pressure applications such as hot and cold potable and nonpotable water distribution systems operating at a maximum pressure of 690 kPa and at a maximum temperature of 82 °C.

B137.9-09 Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) composite pressure-pipe systems

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) macrocomposite pipe consisting of a welded aluminum tube laminated by a melt adhesive to layers of polyethylene (PE) inside and outside the aluminum tube. The pipes covered in this Standard are pressure rated for 1380 kPa at 23 °C, 1035 kPa at 60 °C, or 690 kPa at 82 °C.
Systems are intended for use in potable water distribution systems or other applications, including municipal water service lines, reclaimed water distribution, radiant panel heating systems, hydronic baseboard heating systems, snow and ice melting systems, building services piping, compressed air distribution, ground source geothermal systems, underground irrigation, and gas distribution, provided that the PE-AL-PE systems comply with the applicable code requirements. Residential and commercial systems are included.
Note: The complete structure, consisting of the aluminum, melt adhesive, and layers of PE intimately bonded together, is known as pipe. For the purposes of this Standard, the layer of welded aluminum, or the internal or external layer of PE, is known as a tube. Tubes, intimately bonded together by the melt adhesive, form a pipe.

1.2
The Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions, thermocycling resistance, sustained pressure performance, delamination resistance, and marking.
Notes:
(1) In developing the hydrostatic design basis for PE-AL-PE pipes, in accordance with CSA B137.0, pressure has been substituted for fibre stress.
(2) The pressure rating of PE-AL-PE pipes is contingent on the thickness of the aluminum metal reinforcing layer. Pipes having the same dimension ratio but different metal reinforcing layer thicknesses will have different pressure ratings. The dimension ratio therefore cannot be used, as it is withhomogeneous walled pipes, to assess changes in pressure rating with wall thickness variation.

B137.10-09 Crosslinked polyethylene/aluminum/ crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) composite pressure-pipe systems

1.1
This Standard covers crosslinked polyethylene/aluminum/crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) macrocomposite pipe consisting of a welded aluminum (AL) tube laminated by a melt adhesive to layers of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) inside and outside the aluminum tube. This Standard also covers fittings (connectors) for use with PEX-AL-PEX pipe. The pipes covered in this Standard are pressure rated for 1380 kPa at 23 °C or 860 kPa at 82 °C, or both.
Systems are intended for use in potable water distribution systems or other applications, including municipal water service lines, reclaimed water distribution, radiant panel heating systems, hydronic baseboard heating systems, snow and ice melting systems, building services piping, compressed air distribution, ground source geothermal systems, underground irrigation, and gas distribution, provided that the PEX-AL-PEX systems comply with the applicable code requirements. Residential and commercial systems are included.
Note: The complete structure, consisting of the aluminum, melt adhesive, and layers of crosslinked polyethylene intimately bonded together, is known as pipe. For the purposes of this Standard, the layer of welded aluminum, or the internal and external layer of crosslinked polyethylene, is known as a tube. Tubes, intimately bonded together by the melt adhesive, form a pipe.

1.2
This Standard specifies requirements for materials, quality of work, dimensions, thermocycling resistance, sustained pressure performance, delamination resistance, and marking.
Notes:
(1) In developing the hydrostatic design basis for PEX-AL-PEX pipes, in accordance with CSA B137.0, pressure has been substituted for fibre stress.
(2) The pressure rating of PEX-AL-PEX pipes is contingent on the thickness of the aluminum metal reinforcing layer. Pipes having the same dimension ratio but different metal reinforcing layer thicknesses will have different pressure ratings. The dimension ratio therefore cannot be used, as it is with homogeneous walled pipes, to assess changes in pressure rating with wall thickness variation.

B137.11-09 Polypropylene (PP-R) pipe and fittings for pressure applications

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers pipe and fittings made of random copolymerized polypropylene (PP-R) intended for use in pressure applications such as hot and cold potable water distribution systems, process piping, reclaimed/recycled water systems, water service, and geothermal systems. Piping system components covered by this Standard are made in four standard dimension ratios (SDR 5, 6, 7.3, and 11), in sizes NPS-3/8 to NPS-10, and are joined using socket-type heat-fusion joints, saddle welding joints, electrofusion joints, and butt welding. SDR 11 piping systems covered by this Standard are intended for use only in cold water systems or heating systems operating at 205 kPa or less.

1.2 This Standard specifies requirements for materials, dimensions, hydrostatic sustained pressure performance, heat reversion, apparent tensile strength, cold impact resistance, and marking.

B137.12-09 Polyamide-11 (PA-11) piping systems for gas services

1 Scope

1.1
This Standard covers polyamide-11 (PA-11) pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in gas mains and services, including the gathering, transmission, and distribution of gases that can contain aromatic hydrocarbons.

1.2
This Standard covers all types of fittings and connections used in PA-11 piping systems for gas services, including plastic-to-metal transition fittings, plastic component fittings (e.g., elbows, tees, end caps, and valves), and clamps and couplings.
Notes:
(1) In this Standard, "pipe" refers to pipe having NPS (nominal pipe size) outside diameters and "tubing" refers to pipe having NTS (nominal tube size) outside diameters.
(2) In this Standard, test requirements for pipe apply to both pipe and tubing.

1.3
This Standard specifies the manufacturing and testing requirements necessary to ensure that the PA-11 compound, pipe, and fittings are of a quality acceptable for use in gas distribution systems. This Standard specifies requirements for
(a) primary properties of the compound;
(b) physical properties of the finished product;
(c) on-line monitoring during production;
(d) shipping and storage; and
(e) markings.
Note: The user of the pipe, tubing, or fittings should refer to CSA Z662 for design and installation limitations of products covered by this Standard.