The use of regenerative and recuperative heat exchangers for process gas heat recovery is considered. General information reflecting heat exchanger effectiveness versus initial capital and operating costs is presented. Two specific cases are discussed. These are preheating of combustion air for process furnaces and the use of primary and secondary heat exchangers in conjunction with an air pollution control system for drying and curing ovens. Within the context of the examples presented, some basic heat exchanger design and application considerations are discussed. Finally, a typical investment payback analysis is presented.