An extensive literature review of more than 120 papers was conducted on the effect of humidity and temperature on the transmission of infectious viruses. This review targets infectious viruses known to be transmitted through the air as well as direct and indirect contact. Evidence is cited from both direct and indirect study results examining environmental conditions that affect infectious disease aerosol transmission in enclosed environments. These results will have a major influence on the choice of infection control measures in indoor environments as well as an associated cost for equipment and renovations to the ventilation system or room design.