This work presents a state-of-the-art review of evaporation on horizontal flooded evaporators. The review covers experimental work on boiling on single tubes in cross-flow, evaporation on small tube bundles, and test results covering plain, low-fin, and enhanced boiling tubes. In addition, bundle boiling correlations and methods presently available are described and discussed. This study of the literature reveals that there are no bundle boiling heat transfer prediction methods that can be considered or recommended as general design tools. Various methods exist, but none has been compared to independent databases and most are adaptations of intube flow boiling methods to shell-side boiling, which do not respect the difference in the flow phenomena.

Units: Dual