ASHRAE has recently published its first ventilation standard dedicated solely to residential applications—Standard 62.2- 2003 (although Standard 62-1989 did mention residential application). This standard defines the roles of, and minimum requirements for, mechanical and natural ventilation systems and the building envelope intended to provide acceptable indoor air quality in low-rise residential buildings. The standard includes a minimum whole-house ventilation rate, local exhaust rates, and other kinds of source control. This paper summarizes the standard and indicates the key issues. Providing acceptable indoor air quality often depends more on source control than on ventilation itself. Source control depends on the interactions between ventilation and the building envelope. Unbalanced ventilation systems combined with a tight envelope can lead to building pressurization or depressurization. Building pressures can mitigate or enhance heat and mass transport through the building envelope, which can impact both energy use and moisture performance. These pressures can also impair systems and components not directly tied to ventilation, such as the operation of combustion appliances or entrainment of soil gas. Such “house-as-system” issues were important considerations in the development of the standard and will be discussed in this paper. ASHRAE is continuing to develop and enhance these efforts by using a continuous maintenance process for the standard and by creation of a companion guideline to reflect the state of the art.