Variable-speed drives (VSDs) have changed over the last few years using newer power semiconductors and pulse width modulation (PWM) transistor switching methods. These advancements in drive technology have caused new concerns in their application on induction motors. This paper describes motor/drive operation and presents combination test results that can assist application engineers in designing reliable HVAC fan and pump drive systems. The focus of this paper is in three key areas: 1) PWM drive dv/dt description and its effects on induction motors; 2) motor insulation systems for variable-speed applications; and 3) audible motor noise considerations from drive carrier frequencies. Motor failures are occurring in actual installations due to misapplication of variable-speed systems. These will be investigated and described to help design engineers avoid future application problems. Several alternatives during specification and installation are offered as suggestions to the design engineers. Conclusions based on test data and field experience are summarized as a guide to successful applications of modern variable-speed HVAC drives and motors.

Units: Dual