This document is limited to providing recommended practices of maintenance. test schedules, and testing procedures that can be used to optimize life and performance from large lead storage batteries. It also provides guidance to determine when batteries should be replaced. There are other test procedures and replacement techniques used within the industry (especially for smaller substation batteries) that are equally as effective but are beyond the scope of this document. Sizing. installation,otherre battery types, and application are also beyond the scope. This document does not include surveillance and testing of the dc system even though the battery is part of that system.