The following important issues for implementing control system modernization projects are discussed in this paper, supported by case studies of actual projects: (1) control system modernization is now integral to long-range capital improvement planning for most utilities; (2) work elements unique to control system projects must occur in sequence; (3) design approaches offer considerable contracting flexibility and differ according to which project entity (contractor or consultant, for example) is responsible for the various design tasks; (4) design approaches have differing effects on owner satisfaction and cost; (5) the greatest impact of the procurement method is on owner satisfaction; (6) some design approach and procurement method combinations are more suitable for control system modernization projects than others.