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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the Rockwell hardness and the Rockwell superficial hardness of metallic materials by the Rockwell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for Rockwell hardness machines and the procedures for performing Rockwell hardness tests.

1.2 This standard includes additional requirements in annexes:

Verification of Rockwell Hardness Testing MachinesRockwell Hardness Standardizing MachinesStandardization of Rockwell IndentersStandardization of Rockwell Hardness Test BlocksGuidelines for Determining the Minimum Thickness of aTest PieceHardness Value Corrections When Testing on ConvexCylindrical Surfaces

1.3 This standard includes nonmandatory information in appendixes which relates to the Rockwell hardness test.

List of ASTM Standards Giving Hardness Values Correspondingto Tensile StrengthExamples of Procedures for Determining RockwellHardness Uncertainty

1.4 At the time the Rockwell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf) and the indenter ball diameters were specified in units of inches (in.). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in millimeters (mm). However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in kgf units and ball diameters in inch units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to these units.

1.5 The test principles, testing procedures, and verification procedures are essentially identical for both the Rockwell and Rockwell superficial hardness tests. The significant differences between the two tests are that the test forces are smaller for the Rockwell superficial test than for the Rockwell test. The same type and size indenters may be used for either test, depending on the scale being employed. Accordingly, throughout this standard, the term Rockwell will imply both Rockwell and Rockwell superficial unless stated otherwise.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

 

Document History

  1. ASTM E18-22


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Most Recent
  2. ASTM E18-20


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  3. ASTM E18-19


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  4. ASTM E18-18a


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  5. ASTM E18-18


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  6. ASTM E18-17e1


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  7. ASTM E18-17


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  8. ASTM E18-16


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  9. ASTM E18-15


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  10. ASTM E18-14a


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  11. ASTM E18-14


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  12. ASTM E18-12


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  13. ASTM E18-11


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  14. ASTM E18-08b


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  15. ASTM E18-08a


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  16. ASTM E18-08

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    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  17. ASTM E18-07


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  18. ASTM E18-05e1


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  19. ASTM E18-05


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  20. ASTM E18-03e1


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  21. ASTM E18-03


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  22. ASTM E18-02


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version
  23. ASTM E18-00


    Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials

    • Historical Version