1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing vertical or batter piles, individually or in groups, to determine response of the pile or pile group to a static tensile load applied axially to the pile or pile group. This test method is applicable to all deep foundation units that function in a manner similar to piles, regardless of their method of installation. This test method is divided into the following sections:

Section Referenced Documents 2 Significance and Use 3 Apparatus for Applying Loads 4 Apparatus for Measuring Movements 5 Safety Precautions 6 Loading Procedures 7 Procedures for Measuring Movements 8 Report 9 Precision and Bias 10

1.2 This test method only describes procedures for testing single piles or pile groups. It does not cover the interpretation or analysis of the test results or the application of the test results to foundation design. See Appendix X1 for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation of test results. A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test results for predicting pile performance and capacity. The term "failure", as used in this test method, indicates a rapid progressive movement of the pile or pile group in the direction of loading under a constant or decreasing load.

1.3 Apparatus and procedures designated "optional" are to be required only when included in the project specifications and, if not specified, may be used only with the approval of the engineer responsible for the foundation design. The word "shall" indicates a mandatory provision and "should" indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions. Notes and illustrations included herein are explanatory or advisory.

1.4 Wherever in this test method the term pile is used with reference to the test pile, it shall include test pile groups.

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.