Water distribution systems in many US cities need rehabilitation. Because the cost of rehabilitation will involve billions of dollars, it is very important that proper consideration be given to developing cost-effective rehabilitation plans. To develop such plans, a systematic evaluation should be made of water distribution system data and various rehabilitation technologies. Methods for evaluating various existing rehabilitation technologies were analyzed, and step-by-step guidelines were provided for selecting a rehabilitation technology. Factors affecting the selection process, such as water main characteristics, site characteristics, and advantages and limitations of alternative rehabilitation technologies are discussed. A systematic procedure for cost estimation and rehabilitation plan development is provided.